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The term mucolytic derives from two components mucus, which refers to the thick, viscous fluid secreted by the respiratory tract, and lytic, meaning to break down. Therefore, mucolytic agents are specialized medications designed to break down mucus, making it less viscous and easier to expel. Expectoration refers to the process of coughing up and spitting out mucus and other material from the airways. Thus, a mucolytic expectorant combines these two functions it breaks down mucus and promotes its clearance from the respiratory system.


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handbook of veterinary drugs pdf

Dogs can be infected by several types of intestinal worms, the most common being roundworms, tapeworms, hookworms, and whipworms. Roundworms are especially prevalent in puppies but can infect adult dogs as well. They can lead to severe gastrointestinal distress and malnutrition. Tapeworms, often resulting from ingesting fleas or infected rodents, can cause weight loss and a noticeable change in behavior. Hookworms, which latch onto the intestinal walls, can cause anemia and severe blood loss, particularly in puppies. Whipworms are less common but can still lead to significant health issues if not treated promptly.


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handbook of veterinary drugs pdf